
Cocoa, soluble cocoa and chocolate
Approximately 50-54% of the cocoa bean weight contains lipids (mainly saturated fatty acids, palmitic and stearic). The rest correspond to 35-37% water, 12-14% protein, 7-9% carbohydrates, 5% mineral salts and 1-9% fiber.
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Cocoa contains significant amounts of alkaloids such as caffeine, theophylline and theobromine with stimulating properties. Furthermore, its therapeutic properties can be attributed to polyphenolic compounds, mainly flavonoids, present in large quantities. There are more than 30 components belonging mainly to the group of flavanols, flavones, anthocyanins and flavonols whose functional activity can be transferred to cocoa-derived products. The fermentation, drying and roasting treatments of the seed and the addition of milk, as in chocolate, decrease the concentration of these compounds.
Numerous studies have shown that the consumption of cocoa and its derivatives can provide protection against cardiovascular diseases, reducing the risk of death from this cause because they can reduce blood pressure, increase the antioxidant capacity of plasma, inhibit oxidation of LDL and reduce oxidation biomarkers such as isoprostanes-F2 and malondialdehyde.
Our studies
To develop the methodology for the characterization of phenolic and soluble cocoa compounds by means of high-performance liquid chromolithography (LC-MS / MS) techniques.
Multiple human clinical trials have been carried out to study the bioavailability of these compounds and their metabolites present in plasma and urine, demonstrating that regular consumption of cocoa and derivatives reduces levels of oxidized LDL by increasing levels of HDL and biomarkers of inflammation related to cardiovascular disease are reduced.